Lesson 9: Using Numbers

For your reference:

screenshot-2016-12-22-13-02-41

DIALOGUE

Practice by reading the dialogue with your tutor. After you are done, switch roles and do it again! 📘

  • K: I’m thirty-two. How old are you?
  • D: You shouldn’t ask a woman this question!
  • K: Okay. Which year were you born in?
  • D: I was born in nineteen-eighty-five.
  • K: Now I know how old you are!

 

 

NEW SKILL

Using “how” to ask questions with answers in numbers. 📘

  • How old are you? I am eighteen years old. 📘
  • How many children do you have? I have none (0 or zero). 📘
  • How much does the toy cost? It costs $35. 📘
  • How often do you go to the gym? I go three times a week. 📘

 

Using numbers to express a year. 📘

  • 2016 = two thousand sixteen
  • 1999 = nineteen ninety nine
  • 1985 = nineteen eighty five
  • 1876 = eighteen seventy six
  • 1724 = seventeen twenty four

 

 

 

VOCABULARY

Go over the vocabulary and expressions below with your tutor. 📘

years 📘
children 📘
toy 📘
how many 📘
how much 📘
cost 📘
none 📘
how often 📘
gym 📘
go 📘

 

 

EXERCISE

Fill in the first blank using “how much”, “how often”, “how old”, and “how many.” Fill in the second blank using a number. 📘

  • How old is your mother? My mother is sixty-two years old.
  • ______ does the car cost? The car costs ________.
  • ______ do you walk? I walk _____ days a week.
  • ______ hats do you have. I have _____ hats.
  • ______ does the hat cost? It costs ________.

 

 

 

Write out the years using words 📘

  • 1966 = nineteen sixty six
  • 1998 =  _____________
  • 2010 =  _____________
  • 1888 = ______________
  • 1941 = ______________

 

 

Write out the written numbers in the correct order from low to high using numbers. 📘

  • (five, twenty, eleven, seven, ten) = 5, 7, 10, 11, 20
  • (two, nineteen, twelve, fifteen, nine) _______________
  • (thirteen, one, zero, eighteen, seven) ______________
  • (three, four, sixteen, nine, eight) __________________
  • (twenty, five, one, zero, fourteen) _________________

 

 

Answer the questions with a number and write it. 📘

  • How old are you? 50 or fifty
  • Which year were you born? _______________
  • How many children do you have? _______________
  • How much does the car cost? _______________
  • How often do you go to the gym a week? _______________

 

Discussion Questions

  • What year were you born in?
  • What year is this year?
  • How old is each of your family members?
  • What is your house number?

Lesson 8: Feeling Sick

sick-woman-in-bed-suffering-from-flu-headache_rFfDYE64i.jpg

DIALOGUE

Practice by reading the dialogue with your tutor. After you are done, switch roles and do it again! 📘

  • K: Dorothy, are you sick?
  • D: No, do I look sick? If so, that’s not good.
  • K: I ask because your parents are ill.
  • D: That’s true. They need to see the doctor.

 

 

NEW SKILL

Using subject pronouns “I,” “he,” “she,” “it,” “you,” “they,” and “we” in a sentence. 📘

screenshot-2016-12-22-12-57-28

  • I am sick. 📘
  • He/she/it is ill. 📘
  • You have a cold. 📘
  • They are not well. 📘
  • We have the flu. 📘

 

Using the verb “to have” in the present tense.  📘

 

 

VOCABULARY

Go over the vocabulary and expressions below with your tutor. 📘

see 📘
well 📘
ill 📘
have a cold 📘
doctor 📘
flu 📘

 

health-problems

 

EXERCISE

Fill in the blank with“I,” “he,” “she,” “it,” “you,” “they,” and “we.”  📘

  • Dorothy is sick. She is not well.
  • You and I are ill. ____ are sick.
  • You have a cold. _____ need to see a doctor.
  • The dog is not well. _____ is sick.
  • Kevin and Dorothy have a cold. _____ are ill.

 

Make a sentence using the words. 📘

  • (flu, has, he, the) He has the flu.
  • (have, I, cold, a) ___________.
  • (doctor, she, a, is) __________.
  • (ill, they, are) _____________.
  • (doctor, we, to, see, need, the) _____________.

 

Fill in the blank with “have” or “has.” 📘

  • Kevin has a cold.
  • We ______ a car.
  • The cat _____ food.
  • I _____ money.
  • Kevin and Dorothy ____ jobs.

 

 

Make correct sentences using the words. Add have or has. 📘

  • (dog, Dorothy, a) Dorothy has a dog.
  • (we, sons, three) ______________.
  • (sister, one, I) ________________.
  • (cold, she, a) _________________.
  • (coffee, the, doctor) ____________.

 

 

 

Discussion Questions

  • How many times do you get sick each year?
  • Have you ever been very sick?
  • What are common cures for a cold in your country?
  • What do you do when you’re sick?

 

Lesson 7: How People Feel

graphicstock-funny-young-adult-showing-his-emotions-expressively-by-his-gestures-and-mimics-studio-shot-on-white-background_SAB18LaZb.jpg

DIALOGUE

Practice by reading the dialogue with your tutor. After you are done, switch roles and do it again! 📘

  • K: I’m hungry. Are you ready to eat?
  • D: You’re always hungry. I’m not hungry.
  • K: Hurry up!
  • D: You get mad when you’re hungry.

 

NEW SKILLS

Using the verb “to be” in the simple present tense (positive, negative, and in a question). 📘

 

Using contractions  📘

  • I am = I’m
  • you are = you’re
  • he is = he’s
  • she is = she’s
  • it is = it’s
  • they are = they’re
  • we are = we’re

 

VOCABULARY

Go over the vocabulary and expressions below with your tutor. 📘

hungry 📘
ready 📘
tired 📘
mad 📘
sleepy 📘
sad 📘

 

EXERCISE

Fill in the blank with am, is, or are. 📘

  • She is tired.
  • Kevin and I _____ ready.
  • _____ you sad?
  • I _____ sleepy.
  • The cat _____ hungry.

 

Change the underlined words to a contraction. 📘

  • They are mad. They’re
  • We are hungry. ______
  • You are sleepy. ______
  • I am ready. ______
  • He is tired. ______

 

Make questions using the words. 📘

  • (Kevin, mad, is)  Is Kevin mad?
  • (are, ready, they )  ________.
  • (he, tired, is) ____________.
  • (Kevin, Dorothy, and, hungry, are ) _________.
  • (sleepy, Dorothy, is) ___________.

 

Fill in the blank using the negative of am, is, or are. 📘

  • She is not ready.
  • We _______ tired.
  • They _______ sleepy.
  • The cat  _______ hungry.
  • I _______ sad.

 

 

Discussion Questions

  • How are you feeling right now?
  • When was the last time you were sad?
  • When was the last time you were mad?
  • Describe your tutor’s personality.

Lesson 6: Colors

colors_MkMYLL9_.jpg

DIALOGUE

Practice by reading the dialogue with your tutor. After you are done, switch roles and do it again! 📘

  • K: What is your favorite color?
  • D: I like red. What is yours?
  • K: I like green and yellow. 
  • D: Those are Brazil’s colors!

 

 

 

NEW SKILLS

How to use colors in a sentence. Colors can be a noun or an adjective. 📘

  • My favorite color is light green. (n) 📘
  • Black is a dark color. (n) 📘
  • She has a red ball. (adj) 📘
  • I have a white shirt. (adj) 📘

 

Using “your” and “yours” 📘

  • your = possessive adjective 📘 Your car is red. 📘
  • yours = possessive pronoun 📘 The car of yours is red. 📘
  • your’s = incorrect (do not use) 📘

 

 

 

VOCABULARY

Go over the vocabulary and expressions below with your tutor. 📘

favorite 📘
like 📘
lot 📘
dark 📘
light 📘
have 📘

screenshot-2016-12-22-11-56-33

EXERCISE

Fill in the blank with a color. The answers should be about you. 📘

  • I have a red car.
  • My mobile phone is _____.
  • My favorite color is _____.
  • I have a _____ shirt.
  • I have _____ eyes.

 

 

Answer with your or yours 📘

  • Your hair is nice.
  • Is the pen ______.
  • I like _____ shoes.
  • She has ______ book.
  • Is the car ______?

 

Make a sentence using these words. 📘

  • (Pizza/favorite/my/food/is) My favorite food is pizza.
  • (dark/she/hair/has)  _______________________.
  • (lot/he/a/money/has/of) ____________________.
  • (shirt/is/my/light/blue) _____________________.
  • (have/brown/hair/I) _______________________.

 

What color is the text? Answer with “It is _______”. 📘

  • color = It is orange.
  • color = __________.
  • color = __________.
  • color = __________.
  • color = __________.

 

Discussion Questions

  • What color are your clothes?
  • What color are your tutor’s clothes?
  • What is your favorite color?
  • What colors are in your country’s flag?

Lesson 5: How much does it cost?

world-money_zJtaR8t_.jpg

DIALOGUE

Practice by reading the dialogue with your tutor. After you are done, switch roles and do it again! 📘

  • K: How much will the shirt cost me? 📘
  • D: It costs $50.00. I only have a few. 📘
  • K: Would you take less than $50.00? 📘
  • D: I will sell it to you for $45.00. 📘
  • K: Ok, I will take it.

 

 

NEW SKILL

Review how to use “how much” and “how many.” 📘

how-much-how-many

 

 

 

VOCABULARY

Go over the vocabulary and below with your tutor. 📘

how much 📘
how many 📘
few 📘
little 📘
cost 📘
will 📘
take 📘
less 📘
sell 📘
buy 📘

EXERCISE

Fill in the blank with how many or how much. 📘

  • How many shirts do you have?
  • _________ does this shirt cost?
  • _________ apples did you buy?
  • _________ soda did you drink?
  • _________ people will go?

 

Fill in the blank with “how many” or “how much.” 📘

  • I would like to sell my car.  How much will it cost me?
  • We need more bananas.  ________ do we need?
  • They need more apples.  ________ do they need?
  • You and I need to sell our house.  ________ will we sell it for?
  • Will you take less for the car? ________ less?

 

 Fill in the blank with “few” or “little.” 📘

  • There are only a few bottles of soda.
  • I have a ______ time to take the test.
  • She has a ________ money in the bank.
  • They need a _______ minutes.
  • Can you give me a _______ money?

 

Fill in the blank with few or little. 📘

  • Can you take me to the movies? I can take you in a few hours.
  • How much milk do we need? We need a _______ milk.
  • How much does the car cost? It costs a _______ more than $12,000.
  • How many friends do you have?  I have a _______ friends.
  • How many vacation days do you have? I have a ______ days.

Discussion Questions

  • How much did your shirt cost?
  • How much do you pay for Cambly?
  • How many fingers do you have?
  • How long is your lesson today?

Lesson 4: Fruits

fruits_GkQoPE9d.jpg

DIALOGUE

Practice by reading the dialogue with your tutor. After you are done, switch roles and do it again! 📘

  • K: How many apples do you have?
  • D: There are five apples. It is enough to make a pie.
  • K: I prefer banana pie. 
  • D: Sorry, I don’t know how to make a banana pie.

 

NEW SKILL

Review how to use “there is” and “there are.” 📘

there-is-there-are

 

Examples:

  • There is one banana.
  • There are five lemons.
  • How many peaches are there?
  • How many coconuts do you have?

 

 

VOCABULARY

Go over the vocabulary and below with your tutor. 📘

fruit-in-english

 

 

EXERCISE

Name the fruit in the picture. It is a/an _______. 📘

 

fruit-english-vocabulary-game

  1. It is an orange.
  2. ____________________.

  3. ____________________.

  4. ____________________.

  5. ____________________.

 

Fill in the blank with “there is” or “there are.” 📘

  • How many bananas are there? There are eight bananas.
  • How many pineapples are there?  ________ one pineapple.
  • How many apples are there? ________ four apples.
  • How many strawberries are there? ________ seven strawberries.
  • How many coconuts are there? ________ one coconut.

 

 

 

Discussion Questions

  • What is your favorite fruit?
  • How would you describe your favorite fruit?
  • What fruits are popular in your country?
  • What can you make with fruit?

 

Lesson 3: Vegetables

Heap of vegetables

DIALOGUE

Practice reading the dialogue with your tutor. After you are done, switch roles and go again! 📘

  • K: Do you like to eat broccoli?
  • D: No, I hate it.
  • K: Do you like carrots, celery, or tomatoes?
  • D: I hate all vegetables.
  • K: It must be hard to eat with you!

NEW SKILL

Using “do” and “does” to ask and answer these short questions. 📘

  • Do I like vegetables? 
  • Do you like vegetables? 
  • Does he/she like vegetables? 
  • Do you both like vegetables? 
  • Do they like vegetables? 

VOCABULARY

Go over the below vocabulary & expressions with your tutor.

vegetables-in-english

EXERCISE

Fill in the blank with do or do not. 📘

  • Do you speak English? Yes, I do.
  • Do you like broccoli? _________.
  • Do you like lettuce? __________.
  • Do you like onion? ___________.
  • Do you like celery? ___________.

Fill in the blank with the negative of do or does. 📘

  • Do they like eggplant? No, they do not.
  • Does he like cauliflower? _________________.
  • Does she like cabbage? __________________.
  • Do you like corn? _______________________.
  • Do I like carrots? ________________________.

Make a sentence using the words. 📘

  • does, like, not, vegetables, he – He does not like vegetables.
  • onion, we, like – __________________________.
  • not, you, do, like, asparagus –  ________________________.
  • they, do, zucchini, like – ___________________________?
  • does, like, she, pumpkin – ___________________________?

Using the vocabulary list above, name the vegetable.  📘

onion_on_white

It is an onion.

956610-tomato

It is a ___________.

sliced-cucumber

It is a ____________.

carrott50beca8adde75

It is a _____________.

Discussion Questions

  • What is your favorite vegetable?
  • Describe what a tomato tastes like.
  • Describe how a carrot is different from a cucumber.
  • How do you prepare your favorite vegetable?

(Image Source: http://www.woodwardenglish.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/vegetables-in-english.jpg)

Lesson 2: Where are you from?

Treasure map

DIALOGUE

Practice reading the dialogue with your tutor. After you are done, switch roles and go again! 📘

  • K: I am an American. Where are you from?
  • D: I am from Canada. I am Canadian.
  • K: What are Canadians like?
  • D: They are similar to Americans but nicer!
  • K: That’s not true!

 

NEW SKILL

Learn the following new skills 📘

1) to be + from + country/city

  • I am from the USA
  • We are from Canada.
  • He is from Seoul.
  • They are from London.

2) to be + nationality

  • You are Italian.
  • We are Chinese.
  • I am Russian.
  • She is Arabian.

 

3) We never use the article “the” in front of a country. 📘

  • I am from Japan
  • She is from Canada.
  • They are from China.
  • We are from Russia.

Exceptions: the US, the UK, the Netherlands, the Czech Republic, the Philippines 📘

  • I am from the Netherlands.
  • He is from the Czech Republic.
  • They are from the Philippines.
  • We are from the UK (United Kingdom)

 

VOCABULARY

Go over the below vocabulary & expressions with your tutor. 📘

nationality 📘
country 📘
city 📘
from 📘
American people from the USA
Canadian people from Canada
Australian people from Australia
Japanese people from Japan
Chinese people from China
Arabian people from the Arab nations
European people from Europe
Turkish people from Turkey
Spanish people from Spain
British people from the UK
Korean people from Korea
Brazilian people from Brazil

 

EXERCISE

Make a sentence with where the person is from. 📘

  • I am American. I am from the US.
  • She is Brazilian. _________________.
  • They are Spanish. _____________.
  • We are Canadian. _____________.
  • You are Russian. ______________.

 

Fill in the blank with the correct nationality. 📘

  • We are from Japan. We are Japanese.
  • You are from Brazil. You are ________.
  • She is from Turkey. She is __________.
  • He is from South Korea. He is _______.
  • They are from France. They are ______.

 

Make a sentence using the words. 📘

  • (we, from, are, England) We are from England.
  • (am, Paris, from, I) _________________.
  • (she, Miami, is, from) ________________.
  • (Beijing, are, they, from) _______________.
  • (you, from, UK, the, are) _______________.

 

Fill in the blank with the nationality. 📘

  • The nationality of someone from Turkey is Turkish.
  • The nationality of someone from Australia is _________.
  • The nationality of someone from Thailand is _________.
  • The nationality of someone from South Korea is ______.
  • The nationality of someone from Great Britain is ______.

 

 

Discussion Questions

  • Where are you from? What is your nationality?
  • Where is your tutor from? What is his/her nationality?
  • What countries have you been to?
  • Describe what people from your country are like.

 

(Image Source: http://www.vocabulary.cl/Basic/Nationalities.htm)

Lesson 1: Greetings

shaking-hands-with-hand-buzzer_Htd54DRBj.jpg

DIALOGUE

Practice reading the dialogue with your tutor. After you are done, switch roles and go again! 📘

  • Kevin: Good morning. My name is Kevin. 
  • Dorothy: Excuse me. I think we’ve met before.
  • Kevin: I am sorry. I don’t remember.
  • Dorothy: That’s fine. It’s nice to meet you again!

 

NEW SKILL

Saying hello, introducing yourself, greetings, being polite, and saying goodbye. 📘

  • good morning / afternoon / evening / night
  • hello / hi
  • goodbye / bye / see you later
  • What is your name?
  • I am / My name is _______.
  • How are you?
  • fine / well / good / so-so / okay (ok)
  • thank you / thanks
  • nice to meet you
  • please
  • excuse me / pardon me
  • I am sorry.
  • take care
  • have a good morning / afternoon / evening / night

 

VOCABULARY

Go over the below vocabulary & expressions with your tutor. 📘

morning 📘
afternoon 📘
evening 📘
night 📘
hello or hi 📘
goodbye 📘
later 📘
excuse 📘
pardon 📘
sorry 📘
nice 📘
please 📘
name 📘
well 📘
fine 📘
so-so 📘
okay (ok) 📘
good 📘
not bad 📘

 

EXERCISE

 

1) Make sentences using the words. 📘

  • Example: (good, how, you, are, morning) Good morning. How are you?
  • (well, I, am) _________________.
  • (me, excuse, name, is, your, what) ______________________.
  • (Dorothy, hello, are, you, how?  ___________________________.
  • (am, I, so-so) ______________.

 

2) Fill in the blanks to finish the dialogue. Use the vocabulary in the table above to help. 📘

 

  • Kevin: Hello Dorothy. How are you?
  • Dorothy: I am _______.
  • Kevin: Have a good ________.
  • Dorothy: Thank _____.

 

3) Pick the correct words to make the sentence correct. 📘

  • Pardon me. My name is Kevin. What is your name/excuse?
  • Good later/evening. What/How are you?
  • Have a good morning/sorry. I will see you okay/later.
  • My name/Good morning. My well/name is Kevin.
  • How are me/you? I am fine/please.

 

 

4) Answer the questions. 📘

  • What is your name?___________________.
  • How are you? ___________________.
  • How do you tell someone good night? ______________________.
  • How do you greet someone? _______________________.
  • How do you tell someone thank you? ______________________.

Discussion Questions

  • Are you having a good day today?
  • How is your week going?
  • How is your family doing?
  • What is your favorite part of the day?

 

(Image Source: http://learningenglishsallehighschool.blogspot.com/2015/11/hi-everybody.html)

TOEFL Q18: The American Industrial Revolution

Directions

In this lesson, your tutor will help you go over question six from the TOEFL speaking test. Listen to a short lecture.
Note to tutor: read the text to the student. The text is not presented to the student in the actual test.  

At the beginning of the 19th century, the United States went through a time of rapid development, known as the Industrial Revolution. Several factors contributed to the revolution. Today, however, I’ll just focus on the development of water and land transportation systems. Before the Industrial Revolution, the only way to travel around the U.S. was on foot or horseback. As you can guess, this was not very efficient. So the country began the construction of canals. These man-made waterways made it possible to transport goods from the ocean to places as far away as Chicago with ease. The result of this was lower prices on goods and services. Of course, canals could not be built everywhere. The nation needed a way to connect areas far from water with the rest of the country. Through the railway systems, trains could move even larger quantities of good than canals. They also made it possible to send raw materials from the rural South directly to the North. In this way, the railway systems lowered the cost of transporting goods further. This, in turn, created more industrial development.

 

Question

Using points and examples from the lecture, explain the developments in transportation during the American Industrial Revolution.


Preparation time: 20 seconds l Response time: 60 seconds

Summarize

Use the chart below to summarize the lecture.

Guideline
Topic The speaker goes over the development of __ during the American Industrial Revolution.
Detail 1 The country built __ to transport goods to places far from the __. This resulted in __ on goods and services.
Detail 2 Canals could not be built __. So the nation built __. Trains could move __ of goods than canals. They also made it possible to send __ directly to the North.
Keywords canals, prices, railway systems, from the South to the North

Sample Answer

Reading great sample answers is one way to improve. Go over the sample answer with your tutor. Ask questions if you have any.

Sample Answer

The speaker goes over the development of water and land transportation during the American Industrial Revolution. Originally, people did not have an efficient way to travel around the U.S., so the nation constructed canals. These made it possible to transport goods to places far from the ocean cheaply. Later, the nation constructed railroads. Railroad trains could move even more goods than canals. Railroads also made it possible to transport raw materials from the South to the North easily. This lowered transportation costs further, allowing the U.S. to become more developed.

Further Study

Got more time? Here is a list of common vocabulary words related to the text you studied today. Go over each one with your tutor.

Additional Expressions
rapid (adj) very fast
e.g. He had a rapid heartbeat after running.
development (n) the act of making something larger or more advanced
e.g. The construction of canals and railroads in the U.S. promoted economic development.
contribute (v) to add to something, donate
e.g. He contributed one hundred dollars to the charity.
efficient (adj) able to work without waste
e.g. He was an efficient worker who outperformed his co-workers.
construction (n) the act of building something
e.g. Construction of the new bridge will begin in the spring.
man-made (adj) built by human beings; not natural
e.g. The government flooded the valley to create a man-made lake.
transport (v) to move something from one place to another
e.g. A van at the hotel transports guests to and from the airport.
quantity (n) a number; an amount
e.g. Railroads have a high quantity across the U.S.
raw material (n) a basic material used to make something
e.g. Wheat and rye are the raw materials used by a flour mill to make flour.
rural (adj) of the countryside; not of the city
e.g. She lives in a rural area far from the city.
cambly-practice-button2